Submission to the Human Rights Consultation Panel April 12, 2009
I wish to make a submission, mainly on the right of the individual to choose the manner of their death when chronically or terminally ill. The subject should be treated as a “Human Right” if only to equalize humanity’s rights, to that of our animals.
Recently Victorians had before Parliament in the Upper House, the Medical Treatment (Physician Assisted Dying) Bill 2008 which failed to eventuate because both Liberal and Labor combined to curtail any procedural motions or amendments which would have enabled the Bill to progress beyond its initial presentation. This was a great disappointment because the perceived flaws in the Bill identified in the debate could have been explored and amendments devised to satisfy the majority of MPs. It is the sad indictment of Victoria today, but where to from there?
There can be no justification for denying an individual, within guidelines, the ultimate right to decide their own end of life choices, devoid of any religious connotations other than that of the patient.
The argument that achieving a good death is a “complex issue” is not a valid excuse for not addressing it. I do not feel it is appropriate for Parliament to concern itself with the spiritual aspects of the debate. That should be for the individual to decide in the same way drinking alcohol or smoking is a choice. The choice of methods in achieving a hastened death is declining with each medical breakthrough which while keeps the body breathing, does little to the quality of one’s life at end stage.
Obviously to achieve 80% support which Physician Assisted Dying has achieved within the Australian community, many religiously inclined voters must be included. Parliament, through a Human Rights Charter, should operate for all peoples regardless of nationalities, professions, religious beliefs and ethical and political views. End of life choice should be left to the individual assuming such demands do not result in harm to society, other than the sadness of death.
Parliament, who will consider the adoption of a National Human Rights Charter, should be, according to Abraham Lincoln “of the people, by the people, for the people.” By definition that means to prevent further suffering when all alternatives are spent.
Sometimes, the best ‘care’ fails to relieve intolerable suffering. The Human Rights Charter should acknowledge this point and make provision for choice and dignity in dying.
Dr Rodney Syme, a well known advocate for the vulnerable for some 34 years, last year wrote the book “A Good Death”, which I thoroughly recommend as a clear and concise case in support of physician assisted dying. A necessary and compassionate explanation of the need for choice!
This reminds me of a related issue, and the further need for change in the law in Victoria; other States already differ in responsibility for respecting a patient’s choice for end of life decisions. It is the legality of a person’s Living Will, Advance Directives or Respecting Patient Choices. None of these documents made in good faith by the general public are legally binding on the health care professionals, and until they are legislated for, the very ill, have a false sense of security in the event of a terminal illness.
Many Victorians would like to see the Medical Treatment Act referred to the Law Reform Commission for consideration of including recommendations for advance directives and physician assisted dying. These issues are similar in their challenges to those of abortion law reform, which was handled exceptionally well by the LRC.
The preamble to the Victorian Medical Treatment Act, 1988, reads “The Parliament recognizes that it is desirable to ensure that dying patients receive maximum relief from pain and suffering”. Retired High Court Judge Michael Kirby, (QC) as the then Chairman of the Australian Law Reform Commission said “Although terminal patients do not desire death, they are forced to confront it. Accordingly, they should be free to choose between a slow debilitating, painful death and a quick painless one for which they must look to others to assist them” It is better to relieve pain than continue it, but the Law as it stands in Australia today, allows good people to suffer for no worthwhile reason.
With a rapidly ageing population Australia needs to cultivate a more compassionate attitude towards those who suffer without hope, and who desperately wish for an earlier release from pain. It should be a basic human right that with modern technology keeping bodies alive that may rather be dead, that we Australians are granted the compliment of knowing what is best for ourselves when end of life choices may be optional. A Human Rights Charter could provide that possibility for us.
Preventing suicide methods only makes the suffering harder and longer, but ultimately death will come to us all regardless. No longer can we use high buildings (closed off to general public), gas (non toxic), railway lines (impediment sensitive), fast cars (airbags) medication (strictly monitored), electricity and water (trip switch off), guns (not readily available) knives (messy!). Our one hope is medically assisted dying with self help or another as needs must. Safety precautions are quite simple for Parliament to implement immediately the words mercy and compassion become familiar to them.
A good death should be more than “hoped for”, it should be legislated for those who want it as a choice for themselves. The right to choose the manner of our death, given the chance, should be a natural human right.
Further I believe consideration should be given in any Charter to the following topics which no doubt will be of more concern to others based on their individual circumstances.
2 The right to make a life time commitment of same sex couples. It seems to me that heterosexual couples are not necessarily any more successful at living together in peace and harmony that same sex couples. It discriminates against same sex couples that the law does not give them the same legal privileges of a conventional conservative union.
3 I believe in the rights of parents to protect their children from pedophiles. This follows then that the publication of pedophiles names and addresses should be published to enable parents to make informed choices about where they wish to live in relation to such people. Convicted pedophiles should be kept in restrictive confinement and removed from general society as much as possible.
4 I believe that it is fundamental against human rights to have a criminal conviction recorded against a person, based on a magistrate’s personal assessment on the day. Eg walking a dog off leash in which the Council chooses to make an example of an activist, fined $40 and a conviction, and then next time $200 fine and no conviction. It is a crazy world where a criminal record which reflects on a person’s ability for gainful employment can be attributed to a rapist and at the same time, nonpayment of a Council’s By Law fine. The ‘crime’ should be treated proportionally for the damage it does to the general community. Nonpayment of a fine should not be treated as ‘criminal’!
5 I believe it is a human right, that an individual should have all but the most heinous of crimes deleted from their records after a period of time. I specifically exclude pedophiles from this belief because they are notoriously hard to rehabilitate and their victims remain scared
6 I would not like to see Privacy Laws introduced that ensure the general public are kept ignorant of Government wrongdoings. I believe “whistleblowers” should have the protection of the law without needing to alert the very people they are seeking to expose. There should be an independent system in place that ensures that ‘whistleblowers’ are treated like the courageous people they are in putting the public’s welfare in front of their own job security. Parliamentarians, Public Servants and Police in particular need to be seen to be free of intimidation in the workplace. We’ve all witnessed in the media how ‘whistle blowing’ is treated as a threat to the ‘boys’ club’.
“Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere”.
I believe the benefits of a National Charter would provide Governments with a cohesive method of ensuring continuity of Human Rights for all Australians regardless of which State they live at any one time. It would benefit the nation financially to have the one set of rules and guidelines by which the spirit of the Charter could be administered. We are one, and we are many, and we are Australian.
In conclusion, I am grateful for the opportunity to present this submission to you for your consideration. One is hopeful that any successful inclusion for choice together with dignity in dying in the National Human Rights Charter is based on the understanding that we are talking about Voluntary Euthanasia, meaning a good death, the most basic of human rights.
Thank you,
Mary Walsh